Samuel Morey developed an engine that ran on ethanol and turpentine.

Vegetable and animal oils, especially whale oil, were popular lamp fuels during the 1800s. As they became increasingly expensive (up to $2.50 per gallon) oils were replaced with camphene, a mixture of ethanol, turpentine, and camphor that sold for about 50 cents per gallon. Impressed by its characteristics as a fuel, New Hampshire inventor Samuel Morey used the blend to power his prototype internal-combustion engine. Though he wasn't able to secure financing, Morey's fuel choice hinted to a young America that ethanol would someday become the fuel of the future.